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In 1859, Whistler began a series of etchings of the Thames which was published in 1871. He became the poet of London fogs with views of the old docks at Battersea, which he painted in various spectrum of colour: Nocturne in Blue and Gold (c.1870-5), Caprice in Purple and Gold (1864), The Gold Screen, and Rose and Silver: ‘La Princesse du pays de la porcelaine' (1864). These ephemeral visions, full of transparent shadows, were inspired by Japanese art which he immensely admired.
Destined by his parents for a military career, Whistler attended West Point Military Academy then entered the Cartographic Service in Washington where he learned the etching technique. Realizing that his passion was art, he resigned from his job in order to devote to painting. At the age of 24, he went to France. Already fluent in French, he soon took part in the life of the Parisian artists.
After 1870, Whistler concentrated on portraits with Arrangement in Grey and Black [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], including the famous portrait of his mother, Arrangement in Grey and Black, No. 1: The Artist’s Mother (1872) and Arrangement in Grey and Black, No. 2: Thomas Carlyle (1872-3). It is interesting to note that from this
In Paris, he also met the impressionist Manet, a great friend of Monet, Renoir and other Impressionists that time. Whistler’s The White Girl (1862) was greatly admired at the Salon des Refusés, beside Manet’s Déjeuner sur l’Herbe. Whistler later gave his painting the title of Symphony in White,
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Claude Monet and his Impressionist Paintings of the River Thames
Starry Nights, Nocturnes, Blue Velvet and More
Museums on the National Mall in Washington,
Meantime, in London, his notoriety increased. Like the famous author Oscar Wilde, Whistler believed in art for art’s sake – with no connections to morals [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], historicism or religion. After a lawsuit against English critic Ruskin, Whistler was reluctantly admitted into official circles.
James Abbott McNeill Whistler was born on July 11, 1834, in Lowell, Massachusetts. His father, Major George Washington Whistler, was a civil engineer who graduated from West Point, and his mother, Anna McNeill, came from an aristocratic southern family. When he was nine years old, his family moved to Russia where his father was involved in road building.
Whistler often visited the Louvre and worked in Gleyre’s studio at the École des Beaux Arts. He became a friend of Courbet who called him his ‘pupil,’ and Fantin-Latour. Eventually, he became a part of Courbet’s Realist Group.
Whistler’s Etchings of London’s Thames
Portraits with Arrangement in Grey and Black
His early works were engravings (Twelve Etchings from Nature or the French Set, 1858), followed by a large canvas, At the Piano (1858-9), a composition with fluid brushwork. Initially refused by the Salon in 1859, it was exhibited by the Royal Academy the following year where it was finally accepted, marking his English career as an artist. As a result, he divided his time between France and London [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], where he settled in 1863.
American-born painter James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903), famous for Whistler’s Mother painting, was influenced by Courbet’s Realism, Velázquez, and later by Japanese woodblock prints, Hokusai, in particular. He worked in Paris, before moving to London in 1859. An accomplished and prolific etcher, he also produced numerous plates.
Early Years of James Whistler
Whistler’s Early Works