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Ming Italy on completion of the Jesuits Francis memorials Issues

Yang gun. Qing force, correct razed three hundred soldiers to help the city Qu-type plow ① ② ③ Bi Francis went to Macau, Pang Tianshou not actually walk. Existing data ~ ii2 Puwen recorded Pang Tianshou visit Macau, January 1648 lO, see Jin Guo Ping, Wu Zhiliang, No. 1. ④ ⑤ ⑥ Chan, Albert (Chen Lun Xu): AEuropeanDocumentontheFalloftheMingDynastv (1644-1649), Monu write n the Serlca, no. 35 (1981 - 1983), PP. 75-109, cited in Huang's ⑦ See Huang's . 162 History of China, No. 1, 2008 Code, big break Qing,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Guilin has been full. Visible, Bi Francis and his went to Macau to bring the 300 Portuguese soldiers, both took part in the Guilin defend the war, in Guilin, he helped Yongli court created a Western gun, which by the completion of the Franciscans made Western gun,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], in Guilin, Battle played significant role. Francis completed as envoy of the Ming Dynasty, the eve of the demise of the Ming Dynasty and the Southern Ming period and finally completed the mission three times by the Macanese military support to resist the Qing Ming Dynasty, the cause of this plan, showing the only platform of its outstanding diplomatic mission and superhuman courage. Ming hopeless situation, however, imminent demise of the Ming court, the Southern Ming Xiao Zhaoting because Macanese military also did not turn the tide in both the intervention and the fall. Although the completion of the efforts of the Franciscans did not succeed in the next party, but to the Macanese government provides a warning to the future: aid policy can not continue to resist the Qing Ming,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], adhere to resist the Qing will threaten the survival of Macau. Although there are still Pang Tianshou envoy later held in Macau, but the Macanese government has expressed some indifference ④; and by Boym ambassador to the Holy See via Macao, the Macanese government clearly expressed its opposition, eventually resulting in Boym return can not enter the passenger died after Macau and Vietnam border. This article is in Lisbon, Portugal, completed the full support of Mr. Jin Guoping,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and Mr. King not only provides a lot of precious s Government of the information, but also made many valuable comments. In this paper, the other Japanese, Puwen data were from the Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Professor Liu Xiaoshan, Dr. Tian Yu, Guangdong University of Technology to help translate, in this together Thanks! [Tang Kaijian of 1949, Health, Jinan University Professor, Institute of Chinese culture and history books; Wang Jing (female), born in 1978, Jinan University, Graduate Institute of Chinese culture and historical records] Received: September 11, 2007 ① ② Winston Chu: hit the cavalry, the king has little division ③ Portugal, the Chief Executive 'display, but' in the colleges, according to Christian custom, as they held the banquet '. As for the Macau authorities to give the number of weapons Gui Wang,' in the Australian city officials did not go before an audience with the emperor, which ship transporting 100 guns to the Pang Tianshou '... ... not much accompanying Macau reinforcements, only a' few Portugal and Macao locals. 'period. ④ Guangxi's border with wandering in Cochin, and soon will know the Manchu conquered China, the country has been mixed feelings, is in Winor thirteen years (AD 1659) Gregorian Aug. 22 patients dead. on the books,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], p. 309.
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